Introduction to Tajweed

Week 1- Introduction to Tajweed

1- “Revision on Harakat (vowels)”

1- Fat-hah appears above the letter and is pronounced by separating the two jaws and opening the mouth
يجب مراعاه التباعد بين الفكين عند النطق بالفتحة
*Common mistake:
-When one either opens his/her mouth too much or not enough while pronouncing fat-hah causing an improper separation between the two jaws
أَحَدَ
أَخَذَ
أَبَقَ
أَكَلَ
أَمَرَ
خَلَقَ
خَتَمَ
فَخَلَفَ
فَخَرَجَ
وَخَسَفَ

2- Kasrah appears below the letter and is pronounced by dropping the lower jaw to the lowest possible position
و انخفاض الفك السفلى عند النطق بالكسرة
*Common mistake:
-When one does not drop his/her lower jaw down enough and so the sound of kasrah resembles the one in the word (ray). To pronounce kasrah perfectly, one should drop his/her lower jaw as low as he/she can
أَذِنَ
وَأَقِمِ
بِعِصَمِ
بَرِقَ
بَخِلَ

إِرَمَ
حَسِبَ
خَسِرَ
رَدِفَ
رَحِمَ

3- Dhammah appears above the letter and is pronounced by rounding the two lips completely (without letting them come into contact)
وضم الشفتين عند النطق بالضمة
*Common mistake:
-When people do not circle their lips completely and so the sound of dammah resembles the one in the word (foam)

صُحُفِ
ضُرِبَ
ضَعُفَ
طُبِعَ
ظُلِمَ
نُقِرَ
عُثِرَ
عَلِمَهُ
فَقُتِلَ
وَكَلِمَتُهُ
  
الاخطاء الشائعة عند النطق باحرف المد وهى  عدم التباعد بين الفكين عند النطق بالالف وعدم انخفاض الفك السفلى عند النطق بالياء  و عدم ضم الشفتين جيدا عند النطق بالواو

2- Ash-shaddah
The shaddah sign looks like the letter “w” in English. If Shaddah sign occurs on a letter, it means that there are two identical letters. The first of these letters is saken (has no vowel on it) and the second letter had harakah on it.

الحرف المشدد و ان الحرف المشدد عباره عن حرفين الاول ساكن و الثاني متحرك
يكفُّون ـ يكفْفُون
أشحَّة ـ أشحْحَة
الثَّمرات ـ الثْثَمرات
جهَّزهم ـ جهْهَزهم
الشَّجرة ـ الشْشَجرة
مسخَّرات ـ مسخْخَرات
نفصِّل ـ نفصْصِل

 
3- At-Tanween
Tanween is a noon sakenah that only occur at the end of the noun. It is pronounced as a saken noon but is written as a double harakah (two fathah, two dammah, two kasrah.
التنوين و كيفيه نطق التنوين بالفتحة و الكسرة و الضمة

كُفُوًا
نَارًا
مَالًا
صُحُفًا
أَبَدًا
وَالِدٍ
كَبَدٍ
رَقَبَةٍ
لَيَالٍ
عَادٍ
وَلَدٌ
طَاعَةٌ
حَسَنَةٌ
مُصِيبَةٌ
رَجَلٌ


4- Al-huroof Al-Maddiyyah
Madd means to stretch or prolong. Madd is pronounced by prolonging or stretching the harakah on the letter before it. The time of prolonging the letter is two beats.
-Alf madeyah is الف sakin preceded by a letter with fathah
-Wow madeyah is واو  sakinah preceded by a letter with dammah
- Yaa madeyah is ياء  sakinah preceded b by a letter with kasrah

 التعريف بالحروف المدية و كيفيه نطقها و هى الالف المدية ( الف ساكنة مفتوح ما قبلها) و الياء المدية (ياء ساكنة مكسور ما قبلها) و الواو المديه ( واو ساكنة مضموم ما قبلها) وقد جمعت فى كلمة (نوحيها)

إِذَا - أَخَافُ - يُؤْمِنُونَ - يَقُولُ - فِيهِ – نَسْتَعِينُ
*Common mistakes
When people do not prolong the harakah of a letter even if it is followed by madd letter
   عدم اعطاء احرف المد زمنها و هى حركتان و الحركة هى زمن نطق الحرف المتحرك (نَ) فالحركتان هى زمن نطق الحرف المتحرك مرتان (نَ+نَ)=نا  (نُ+نُ)= نو  (نِ+نِ)=نى

5- Al-Leen
Al-Leen means easy or loose. ي  or و  sakinah preceded by a letter with a fatha is called اللين
لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ (1) إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ (2) فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ (3) الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُمْ مِنْ جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُمْ مِنْ خَوْفٍ (4

 (الحركات (الضمة / الفتحة / الكسرة)
قَ - كَ / زَ- ذَ / ضَ - دَ / عَ - حَ / أَ - هَ / طَ - تَ /غَ -خَ
نِ - كُ  -تِ  -سِ - ضُ - لِ - زِ- عِ-  ثُ-  رَ- دِ - هُ  -بِ
كَ + سَ+ بَ --->     كَسَبَ 
فَ + عَ + لَ --->     فَعَلَ
كَ + بُ + رَ --->     كَبُرَ
وُ + ضِ + عَ --->     وُضِعَ


قُرِئَ - كُتِبَ - ذُكِرَ - ثَقُلَ - عَظُمَ - خَسِرَ - أُخِذَ - عُمَرُ - لَفَسَدَتِ - صُحُفِ - رُفِعَتِ - غُفِرَ - يَقِفُ - أُذِنَ - ضُبِطَ - كَلِمَتُ - غَضِبَ - خُلِقَ - نُظِرَ - هُدِيَ – وَرِثَ - حُمِدَ - نَقُصَ


الحرف الساكن: 
أَنْ - هَبْ - بَلْ - مِنْ - إِذْ - كُلْ - نَحْنُ - يَغْفِرُ


الحرف المتحرك: (الضمة /الفتحة /الكسرة)تَسُؤْهُمْ - تُصِبْكُمْ - أَنْفُسِكُمْ - تُؤْمِنَ


التنوين:
مَهْدًا - خَوفًا و طَمَعًا - وَاقٍ - رَسُولٍ -كِتَابٌ

الحروف المدية: (واى) نُوحِيهَاإِذَا - أَخَافُ - يُؤْمِنُونَ - يَقُولُ - فِيهِ - نَسْتَعِينُ
الشدة: 
أَنَّ : أَ نْ نَ  / رَبِّ : رَ بْ بِ / حَقُّ : حَ قْ قُ
وَدَّ - زُيِّنَ – أَيُّ
  • قراءة : سورة الفاتحة
  • الواجب : سماع سورة الفاتحة  والتكرار وراء الشيخ - أيمن سويد او الحصري

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